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NEET PG 2024: High-Yield Topics for Surgery 

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High-Yield Topics for Surgery  : To help make your NEET PG preparations more fruitful, Career Media has come up with a list of high-yield topics for Surgery 

Type of Questions asked in NEET PG ?

Based on the latest exam pattern, the following are the primary types of questions that you can expect in the upcoming exam:

1. Single best answer

  • Case-based
  • Fact-based 
  • Concept-based
  • Numerical/Value-based

2. Image-based questions

3. True or false type questions

High-Yield Topics for Surgery 

Breast 

  • Types of Nipple Discharge 
  • Breast Cancer – Risk factors, clinical features, investigation, staging, management, prognosis
  • Cystosarcoma Phyllodes – IBQ
  • Inflammatory Breast Cancer – IBQ
  • Breast Abscess- IBQ
  • Fibroadenoma

Thyroid

  • Thyroglossal Cyst: IBQ
  • Solitary thyroid nodule: Type, investigation and management
  • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis & grave’s disease 
  • Carcinoma thyroid: types, characteristics, diagnosis & management 
  • Complications of thyroidectomy

Parathyroid & Adrenal

  • Men Syndrome: Types and associated features
  • Hyperparathyroidism: types, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, & management
  • Pheochromocytoma: pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and management 
  • Neuroblastoma: pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and management 

Liver 

  • Liver anatomy, Pringles maneuver 
  • Pyogenic & Amebic liver abscess 
  • Hydatid Cyst
  • Liver tumors: MC types
  • HCC: risk factors, clinical features, investigation and management

Portal Hypertension 

  • Variceal bleeding: investigations and management 
  • Sengstaken Blakemore & Minnesota Tube
  • Portosystemic Shunts
  • MELD, PELD Scores and CTP Scores

Gallbladder

  • Gallstones: types, etiology, diagnosis, management and complications
  • Cholecystitis: Acute, Acalculous, Emphysematous & Xanthogranulomatous 
  • Strawberry gallbladder
  • Gallbladder Polyps
  • Carcinoma gallbladder: Risk factors, investigation, staging and management

Bile Duct

  • Choleodochal Cyst: Types, clinical features, investigation and management
  • CBD Stones: Types, clinical features, investigation, management and complications
  • Cholangitis: Clinical Features, Charcot’s Triad, Reynold’s Pentad, Management 
  • Biliary Structures: Strasberg & Bismuth Classification, Investigations & Management
  • Biliary Atresia: Classification, Clinical Features, Investigation and Management
  • PBS & PSC: Clinical Features, Investigation and Management
  • Cholangiocarcinoma: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Investigations and Management

Pancreas

  • Acute & Chronic Pancreatitis: Etiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management and Complications 
  • Scoring System for Acute Pancreatitis: Ranson’s, BISAP, APACHE, Q-SOFA
  • Pseudocyst: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management 
  • Cystic Neoplasm of Pancreas: SCN, MCN, and IPMN
  • Carcinoma Pancreas: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Radiological Signs, Management, Whipple’s Procedure
  • NET of Pancreas: Insulinoma, Gastrinoma, Glucagonoma, & VIPoma

Esophagus

  • CDH: Types, Clinical Features, Investigation and Management 
  • Hiatus Hernia: (Types, clinical features, investigation and management)
  • GERT & Barrett’s Esophagus
  • Motility Disorders: Achalasia & DES
  • Zenker’s Diverticulum: Killian’s Dehiscence, IBQ
  • Carcinoma Esophagus: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Investigation, and Management 
  • Boerhaave Syndrome
  • Tracheoesophageal Fistula

Stomach

  • Peptic Ulcer: Mod Johnson’s Classification, Clinical Features, Management, Complications and Dumping Syndrome
  • Upper GI Bleed: Causes, Diagnosis, Management and Complications
  • Mallory Weiss Syndrome
  • Dieulafoy’s Lesion
  • Watermelon Stomach 
  • Carcinoma Stomach: Risk Factors, Laurens and Borrman’s Classification, Clinical Features, Investigation, & Management 
  • GIST: Clinical Features, Investigation and Management
  • IHPS: Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Management 

Peritoneum 

  • Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
  • Perforation Peritonitis: IBQ, Management
  • Intraperitoneal Abscess 
  • Mesenteric Cyst: Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Management 

Intestinal Obstruction 

  • Small Bowel Obstruction: Causes, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, X-Ray IBQ, & Management 
  • Intussusception: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Signs IBQ, and Management
  • Large Bowel Obstruction: Causes, Clinical Features,  Diagnosis, Management, X-Ray, IBQ
  • Sigmoid and Cecal Volvulus: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Signs-IBQ, Management

Small Intestine

  • Meckel’s Diverticulum: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Specimen IBQ, Management
  • GI Tuberculosis: Pathogenesis, MC site, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, BMFT IBQ, Management, Complications
  • SMA Syndrome: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Carcinoid Tumors: MC site, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Short Bowel Syndrome: Lengths, Clinical Features, Management

Large Intestine

  • Hirschsprung’s Disease: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Colonic Diverticula: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Complications
  • Colorectal Polyps: Neoplastic & Non-Neoplastic, MC Type
  • Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: Arborization, & Hypermelanotic macules- IBQ
  • FAP & HNPCC: Mutation, Malignancies, & Management, Gardner’s & Turcot’s Syndrome
  • Carcinoma Colon: Risk Factors, MC site, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, Types of Colectomy
  • Ischemic Colitis: MC site & Thumbprinting 
  • Pseudomembranous Colitis: Organism, Diagnosis, Accordion Sign, Management

Ileostomy & Colostomy

  • Early and Late Complications 

Inflammatory Bowel Disease 

  • Crohn’s Disease: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Signs, Management, Complications
  • Ulcerative Colitis: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Signs, Management, Complications
  • Crohn’s Diseases & Ulcerative Colitis Differences

Vermiform Appendix

  • Acute Appendicitis: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis & Signs, MANTRELS Score, Management, Incisions, Complications
  • Ochsner-Sherren Regime
  • Carcinoid Tumor of Appendix

Rectum & Anal Canal

  • Hemorrhoids: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Rectal Prolapse: IBQ, Management
  • Anorectal Abscess: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Management
  • Fistula & Fissure-in-ano: Pathogenesis, Parks Classification, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Goodsall’s Rule, Management
  • Pilonidal Sinus
  • Carcinoma Rectum 
  • Carcinoma Anal Canal

Hernia & Abdominal Wall

  • Inguinal Hernia: Risk Factors, Direct & Indirect, Omentocele & Enterocele, Bassini, & Shouldice Repair, Lichtenstein Repair, Complications 
  • Triangle of Doom, Triangle of Pain & Corona Mortis 
  • Strangulated Hernia: Clinical Features & Management
  • Femoral Hernia, Sliding Hernia, epigastric Hernia
  • Omphalocele & Gastroschisis
  • Desmoid Tumor

Spleen

  • Splenectomy: Indications, Complications, OPSI
  • Splenic Tumors: MC Type

Kidney & Ureter

  • Renal Stones: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management ESWL, PCNL, URS
  • Genitourinary TB: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, Complications
  • Angiomyolipoma
  • RCC: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Wilms Tumor: Variants, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • ADPKD: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, Extra-renal Manifestations
  • PUJ Obstruction: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Horse-shoe Kidney: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Ureterocele: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Duplication of Ureter: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • VUR: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, International Classification, Management

Urinary Bladder

  • Ectopia Vesicae: IBQ, Clinical Features, Associations
  • Bladder Stone: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Bladder Rupture: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Signs, Management
  • Carcinoma Bladder: Tupes, Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, Chemotherapy

Prostate & Seminal Vesicles

  • BPH: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Medical Management, TURP, TUR Syndrome, Prostatectomy
  • Carcinoma Prostate: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, PSA

Urethra & Penis

  • Hypospadias: Types, IBQ, Clinical Features, Management, Named Repairs
  • Posterior Urethral Valve: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Phimosis & Paraphimosis: IBQ, Clinical Features, Management, Complications
  • Urethral Injury, Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, IBQ, RGU & MCU, Management
  • Carcinoma Penis: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management

Testis & Scrotum

  • Undescended Testis: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, Complications
  • Testicular Torsion: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Varicocele: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Hydrocele: Types, Management
  • Acute Epididymo-Orchitis: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Fournier’s Gangrene: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Testicular Tumors: Risk Factors, MC Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Tumor Markers (AFP, beta-hCG), Management

Arterial Disorders

  • Peripheral Arterial Occlusion: Clinical Features
  • Buerger’s Disease: Clinical Features, ABPI, Diagnosis, Management, Lumbar Sympathectomy
  • AV Fistula: MC Type, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Aneurysm: MC Type, Cut off Diameter, Complications, Martality 
  • Subclavian Artery Stenosis and Steal Syndrome: MC Site, Clinical Features
  • Vascular Graft: Types and Graft of Choice

Venous Disorders

  • DVT: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Varicose Veins: Risk Factors, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, Complications, CEAP, Classification

Lymphatic System

  • Lymphedema: Types, Clinical Features, Management

Thorax & lung

  • Mediastinal Masses: MC Type
  • Pneumothorax & Hemothorax: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Tension Pneumothorax: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Pulmonary Embolism & Fat Embolism: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Carcinoma Lung: Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Cardiac & Chest Wall Tumors: MC Type
  • Trachea & Esophagus: Foreign Body

Burns

  • Causes of death in burns
  • Burns Classification: Depth
  • Burn Size, Rule of 9, Resuscitation, Parkland Formula, Monitoring

Plastic Surgery & Skin Lesions

  • Skin Grafting: Split Thickness, Full Thickness
  • Flap: Random, Axial, Free
  • Marjolin’s Ulcer
  • Skin Malignancies: SCC, BCC, Malignant Melanoma
  • Vascular Anomalies: Portwine Stain, Strawberry Angioma, Salmon’s Patch
  • Cock’s Peculiar Tumor, Pott’s Puffy Tumor, Pilomatrixoma, Cylindroma
  • Angular Dermoid

Wound Healing, Tissue Repair & Scar

  • Classification of Surgical Wound: Clean, Clean Contaminated, Contaminated & Dirty
  • Degloving Injury
  • Compartment Syndrome
  • Pressure Ulcer
  • NPWT
  • Hypertrophic Scar & Keloid

Neurosurgery

  • Meningocele & Meningomyelocele
  • Berry Aneurysm
  • EDH, SDH, SAH, Diffuse Axonal Injuries
  • Skull Base Fractures: ACF, MCF & PCF Fracture
  • Kernohan’s Notch, Duret Hemorrhage
  • Brain Tumors: MC Type, Glioblastoma Multiforme, Medulloblastoma, Meningioma, Metastasis

Oral Cavity

  • Carcinoma Oral Cavity: Risk Factors, Leukoplakia, Erythroplakia, Speckled Erythroplakia, SMF, MC Type, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Carcinoma Lip & Tongue

Salivary Glands

  • Salivary Gland Tumors: MC Type, Diagnosis, Management
  • Ranula
  • Parotidectomy: Surgical Landmarks for Facial Nerve, Complications of Parotidectomy, Frey’s Syndrome
  • Pleomorphic Adenoma, Warthin’s Tumor & Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
  • Sialolithiasis

Neck, Facial Injuries & Abnormalities

  • Carotid Body Tumor: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Cystic Hygroma: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management
  • Cervical LN Levels, RND & MRND
  • Cleft Lip & Palate: Development & Timing of Repair
  • Le-Fort Fractures: I, II, & III

Oncology

  • Sentinel LN Biopsy: Methods, Indications, IBQ. Complications
  • Oncologic Emergencies: Tumor Lysis Syndrome & SVC Syndrome
  • Soft Tissue Sarcoma: MC Types, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Management, Sarcoma with Lymphatic Spread
  • Rhabdomyosarcoma & DFSP
  • Radiosensitivity of Organs

Pediatric Surgery

  • Sacrococcygeal Teratoma: IBQ

Trauma

  • Triage 
  • ATLS Protocol: Primary Survey (ABCDDE) & Secondary Survey
  • GCS
  • Trauma Scoring System: RTS, TRISS & MESS
  • Blunt Trauma Abdomen: MC Organs, Investigations, FAST, DPL, Management
  • Seat Belt Injury 
  • Damage Control Surgery
  • Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
  • Flail Chest: Definition, Clinical Features, Management

Transplantation

  • History of Transplantation, types of graft, graft rejection, Maastricht classification
  • Liver Transplantation: Types, sequence of anastomosis
  • Heart & Lung Transplantation: Sequence of anastomosis

Robotics, Laparoscopy & Bariatric Surgery

  • Pneumoperitoneum: Veress Needle, Gasses used, IAP
  • Bariatric Surgery: Indications, RYGB, BPD, Duodenal Switch, Causes of Perioperative Mortality 
  • NOTES & POEM

Sutures & Anastomoses 

  • Types: Absorbable & Nonabsorbable, Monofilament & Polyfilament
  • IBQ: Catgut, Vicryl, Prolene, Monocryl, Interrupted & Mattress Sutures (Horizontal & Vertical)
  • Knots: Square Knot, Granny Knot

Sterilization & Infection

  • Hospital Acquired Infection: MC Types
  • How to prevent SSI: Prophylactic Antibiotics (best time)
  • Southampton Wound Grading & ASEPSIS Wound Score
  • SIRS, MODS, Sepsis, Septic Shock
  • Cellulitis & Erysipelas: IBQ, Differences
  • Necrotizing Fasciitis, Gas Gangrene

Shock

  • Classification, Indicators of Perfusion, Monitoring
  • Hypovolemic Shock 
  • Physiological Characteristics of Various Types of Shock
  • Cannula Color Coding, Flow Rate

Miscellaneous 

  • Nasogastric tube: Length Measurement, Position of Insertion
  • Humby Knife
  • Foley’s Catheter Color Coding
  • Frostbite 
  • Psoas Abscess 
  • Blood Transfusion 
  • TNM Staging: Breast, Gallbladder, Stomach, Colorectal Cancer, Oral Cavity

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